Utilizing rapid prototyping 3D printer for fabricating flexographic PDMS printing plate

Recently printed electronic field is significantly growth. Printed electronic is to develop electrical devices by printing method. Conventional printing method that has been studied for this kind of printed electronic such as flexographic, micro contact printing, screen printing, gravure and ink jet. In flexographic and microcontact printing, a printing plate is used to transfer the designed and desired pattern to substrate through conformed contact. Therefore printing plate is play a big role in this area. Printing plate making by photopolymer which used in flexographic have limitation in achieving a micro-scale of pattern size. However, printing plate of microcontact printing have an advantages in producing micro, even nano-scale size by PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane). Hence, rapid prototyping 3D printer was used for developing a PDMS micro-scale printing plate which will be used in reel to reel (R2R) flexographic due to high speed, low cost, mass production of this type of printing process. The flexibility of 3D printer in producing any shape of pattern easily, contributed the success of this study. A nickel plating and glass etching master pattern was used in this study too as master pattern mould since 3D printer has been reached the micro size limitation. The finest multiple solid line array with 1mm width and 2mm gap pattern of printing plate was successfully fabricated by 3D printer master mould due to size limitation of the FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) 3D printer nozzle itself. However, the micro-scale multiple solid line array of 100micron and 25micron successfully made by nikel platting and glass etching master mould respectively. Those types of printing plate producing method is valueable since it is easy, fast and low cost, used for micro-flexographic in printed electronic field or biomedical application

A study of printed La₂O₃ on carbon-glass substrate for micro-flexographic printing process using angle resolve x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AEXPS) analysis

Micro-flexographic printing process involved in patterning technique from micron to nano scale range to be used for graphic, electronic and bio-medical device on variable substrates. Adhesive property of printing process could be described as an interchangeably with some ink or medium and substrate which was applied to one surface of two separate items that bonded together. Lanthanum oxide (La2O3) had been used as a rare earth metal candidate as printing ink medium. This metal deposit was printed on carbon-glass substrate. The choose of Lanthanum Oxide as a target is due to its wide application in producing electronic devices such as thin film battery and printed circuit board. The La2O3 deposited on the surface of carbon-glass substrate was then analyzed using Angle Resolve X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (ARXPS). The position for each synthetic component in the narrow scan of Lanthanum (La) 3d and O 1s are referred to the electron binding energy (eV). This research was focused on 3 narrow scan regions which are C 1s, O 1s and La 3d. Further discussion of the spectrum evaluation was discussed in detail. Here, it was proposed that from the adhesive properties of La was suitable as an alternative medium for micro-flexographic printing technique in printing multiple fine solid lines image at micro to nano scale feature. Hence, this paper will describe the capability of this particular metal as rare earth metal in a practice of micro-flexographic printing process

Study on Finite Element Analysis of Fine Solid Lines by Flexographic Printing in Printed Antennas for RFID Transponder

Printing is offering the feasibility of producing mass quantities of a wide variety of electronic components and devices quickly and at lower cost. Flexography is mainly used for packaging applications, but is also poses a potential method for the micro manufacture of electronic devices, smart packaging and RFID. The flexographic printing process poses as an attractive candidate for printing electronics for its high speed printing capabilities where such volume and large active areas need to be printed. Therefore an investigation for its potential usage in printing electronics are highly in demand hence a research for suitable conductive ink related to this process is vital. Multiple fine solid lines of high quality are essential to enable printing of ink tracks for electronic applications. A step by step approach by printing multiple solid lines, measurements of printing plates and printed images and finite element analysis (FEA) need to be carried out in advance to help comprehending this process that is influenced by many interacting parameters. Plate characteristics are among a number of process parameters that will influence print line quality, which will affect the electrical performance of printed tracks. Printing trials have also been carried out in comparison various ink to check the compatibility and the suitability of the ink developed for printing RFID antennas

A Study on Printed Multiple Solid Line by Combining Microcontact and Flexographic Printing Process for Microelectronic and Biomedical Applications

: Microcontact printing (µCP) is an outstanding surface patterning technique in micron scale and, even in nano scale. Surface science communities like engineers and biologists have been promoting attention in µCP, therefore they have been rich in improvement to the µCP process itself. However the process is relatively slow in production. Meanwhile flexographic technique is a high speed roll to roll process, but low in resolution and still has limitation in printing of micro-scale size. Now a day, low cost fabrication is keys to the successful introduction of printed electronics and roll to roll manufacturing processes. Therefore, study to extend flexographic into the micro-scale size resolutions, may provide an economical commercialization path for electronic devices since, flexographic is a high speed technique commonly used for printing onto very large area flexible substrates. Although low resolution and poor registration are characteristics of today's flexographic process, it has many potential to achieve fine solid line micro size by combining to microcontact printing because both of them having similarities in method of carrying printed pattern to a substrates. This study have been demonstrated that 10micron line with 10micron gap successfully printed by these 2 combinations printing techniques, using graphic ink and biological ink with is Fetal Bovine Serum

Pengembangan Metode Elisa Untuk Mendiagnosis Penderita Schistosomiasis Di Napu Sulawesi Tengah Tahun 2012

Deteksi dini schistosomiasis dengan metode ELISA di Indonesia belum dilakukan, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengembangan diagnosis schistosomiasis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan konformasi model yang optimal dengan konsentrasi antigen dan antibodi dalam mendeteksi antigen ekskretori sekretori pada penderita schistosomiasis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dilakukan selama 9 bulan dari April – Desember 2012. Optimasi uji ELISA dilakukan untuk menentukan konsentrasi antigen ekskretori sekretori (AgES) dan imunoglobulin G (IgG) dengan menggunakan tiga kombinasi konsentrasi pada antigen ES yaitu 10 µg/ml (1/100), 2 µg/ml (1/500), dan 1µg/ml(1/1000), dan IgG sebagai antibodi deteksi dengan konsentrasi 2 µg/ml (1/500) dan 1 µg/ml (1/1000). Hasil pengujian pada kombinasi konsentrasi AgES 10 µg/ml dengan IgG 2 µg/ml, didapatkan kelipatan nilai absorbansi terbaik atau optical density (OD) sebesar 1,15-1,4 kali lipat dari nilai absorbansi sampel negatif. Setelah dilakukan optimasi dengan coating AgES, maka dilakukan optimasi IgG dengan serum positif penderita schistosomiasis pengenceran 20x. Hasil absorbansi serum positif dari coating IgG 2 mg/ml yaitu 0.97–1.5 kali lipat dari OD sampel blank dan coating IgG konsentrasi 1mg/ml diperoleh nilai absorbansi serum positif 1,1 – 2 kali lipat dari nilai absorbansi sampel negatif/blank. Disimpulkan bahwa konformasi terbaik dapat mendeteksi penderita schistosomiasis yaitu pada konsentrasi coating IgG 1mg/ml (1/1000)

Deteksi Antigen Ekskretori-sekretori Schistosoma Japonicum dengan Metode Elisa pada Penderita Schsistosomiasis di Napu Sulawesi Tengah

BstrakDeteksi antigen ekskretori-sekretori Schistosoma japonicum (S.japonicum) dengan metode ELISA pada penderita schistosomiasis dilakukan di Napu Kabupaten Poso selama sembilan bulan, yaitu dari April hingga Desember 2013. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan nilai optical density (OD)pada penderita positif schistosomiasis dengan infeksi tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Menetapkan nilai sensitivitas dan spesifiitas dari konformasi ELISA yang digunakan. Kegiatan dalam penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi kegiatan di lapangan dan kegiatan di laboratorium. Kegiatan di lapangan antara lainsurvei tinja dan survei darah. Kegiatan di labotarorium adalah optimasi ELISA. Hasil penelitian yaitu diperoleh nilai absorbansi pada infeksi rendah berkisar 0.468 ± 0.699 dengan kepadatan telur 1-10 telur/ slide, pada infeksi sedang nilai absorbansinya berkisar 0.700 ± 0.899 dengan kepadatan telur 11-20telur/slide dan untuk infeksi tinggi nilai absorbansinya yaitu 0.900 ± 1.166 dengan kepadatan telur 21-44 telur/slide. Nilai sensitivitas sebesar 74% dan untuk nilai spesifiitasnya sebesar 90%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode ELISA yang dikembangkan mempunyai nilai sensitivitas dan spesifiitasbaik untuk mendeteksi AgES S. japonicum pada serum penderita schistosomiasis.Kata Kunci: Schistosomiasis, ELISA, Sensitivitas, Spesifiitas, Indonesia.AbstractDetection of Schistosomajaponicum (S.japonicum) excretory-secretory antigens by ELISA method in human schistosomiasiswas conducted in Poso district Napu valey for nine months, from April to December 2013. The purpose of the study was to get the optical density for the low, medium, and high infection at human schistosomiasis and than to determine the specifiity and sensitivity ELISA conformation. The activities in this study with the laboratory and the fild. The fild activities included stool survey and blood survey. The laboratory activities was optimization of the ELISA method. The results of the study obtained value of sensitivity was 74% and specifiity 90%. Absorbance values ranges from 0699±0468 with density of eggs 1-10 eggs/slide was low infection, the absorbance values was 0.700±0.899 for medium infection the density of eggs 11-20 eggs/slide and high infection the absorbance values were 0.900±1,166 with density of eggs 21-44 eggs/slide. Therefore, it can be concluded of this study that developed ELISA method has good sensitivity and specifiity values for detecting ESAg S.japonicumin human schistosomiasis.Keywords: Schistosomiasis, ELISA, sensitivity, specifiity, Indonesi

Investigation of carbon nanotube ink with PDMS printing plate on fine solid lines printed by micro-flexographic printing method

Micro-flexographic printing which is combination of flexography and micro-contact printing is a unique printing technique that create graphic, electronic and biomedical printed image on variable substrates. Therefore, an investigation for its potential usage in global area of printing hence a research for suitable ink and printing plate related to this process is vital. This paper will focus on investigating the printability of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) ink with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) printing plate. There are two types of CNTs ink which are solvent base and water base. A printing trial has been carried out in comparison with CNTs inks and PDMS printing plate with fine solid lines image on it to check the suitability of the printing plate development for micro-flexographic printing technique. The result shows that CNT water base ink is suitable with PDMS printing plate in printing fine solid lines image

Investigation of carbon nanotube ink with PDMS printing plate on fine solid lines printed by micro-flexographic printing method

Micro-flexographic printing which is combination of flexography and micro-contact printing is a unique printing technique that create graphic, electronic and biomedical printed image on variable substrates. Therefore, an investigation for its potential usage in global area of printing hence a research for suitable ink and printing plate related to this process is vital. This paper will focus on investigating the printability of Carbon Nanotube (CNT) ink with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) printing plate. There are two types of CNTs ink which are solvent base and water base. A printing trial has been carried out in comparison with CNTs inks and PDMS printing plate with fine solid lines image on it to check the suitability of the printing plate development for micro-flexographic printing technique. The result shows that CNT water base ink is suitable with PDMS printing plate in printing fine solid lines image

AN ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL ANATOMY OF THE PADMA RIVER BANK FAILURE AND EROSION, 2018: A CASE STUDY OF NARIA BANK SECTION, BANGLADESH

The Naria town of Bangladesh is developed on the right bank of the Padma River. The bank is an old natural levee of Meghna River. The Holocene-Recent geology of Naria is actively dominated by the fluvial processes of Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna River system where the deltaic sediments are characterized as unconsolidated fine sand and silt, covered by thin veneer of clayey silt and loam. The annual volume of water discharge and flow dynamics are dependent on the intensity of the rainfall, runoff and the length of dry winter. Excessive river bank erosion, channel avulsion, renewed submergence of floodplains, and formation of natural levees and channel-bars are due to natural geomorphological processes that impact the area by inevitable ground failures. The geological attributes of ground condition and drastic variations in water levels make the area extremely vulnerable to severe bank failures and erosion. A unique erosion phenomenon prevailing in this part of Bengal delta prompted this study. During Aug-Sept, 2018 a sudden complex attenuation of current, wave and vortex in the Padma water flow caused an extraordinary disaster and made more than 5000 people homeless overnight by devouring away houses including concrete buildings, factories and markets. It is observed that geologically the Padma River remained confined within a width of 5 miles striking NW-SE trend following the margins of older alluvium and Faridpur Trough. The river tends to a meandering pattern consisting of deep vertical trenches along the Naria curvature. The deep trenches form along right bank and render the ground increasingly more vulnerable to subaqueous slope failure due to presence of thick (~200 ft.) alternating cross-bedded silt and micaceous fine sand of very high dilatancy and low angle of friction. The present study identifies some application of technological advancement for developing real-time engineering geological mapping systems for monitoring and managing complex river bank erosion. Large scale 3D engineering geological map coupled with air-borne photogrammetric and radar inferrometry methods can be applied for real-time monitoring and prediction of differential settlements, subaqueous failures and ground movement. The point cloud maps developed using data from these systems can refine engineering geological maps for decision makers and improve the design of protective measure and sustainable engineering structures